An Introduction to Australia
Aboriginal settlers arrived on the continent from Southeast Asia about 40,000 years before the first Europeans began exploration in the 17th century. No formal claims were made until 1770, when Capt. James COOK took possession in the name of Great Britain. Six colonies were created in the late 18th and 19th centuries; they federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The new country was able to take advantage of its natural resources in order to rapidly develop its agricultural and manufacturing industries and to make a major contribution to the British effort in World Wars I and II. Long-term concerns include pollution, particularly depletion of the ozone layer, and management and conservation of coastal areas, especially the Great Barrier Reef. A referendum to change Australia's status, from a commonwealth headed by the British monarch to a republic, was defeated in 1999.
Map of Australia ( Location ) : 27 00 S, 133 00 E, Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.
For additional reports and educational information specific to Australia, refer to the Country Info menubar to the upper right.
The Australian Flag
Blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant known as the Commonwealth Star, representing the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star depicts one point for each of the six original states and one representing all of Australia's internal and external territories; the remaining half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four larger, seven-pointed stars.
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Rankings of The Most Populous Countries in the World.
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Some interesting facts and figures about Australia.
Pop Growth Rate / Year:
• 0.9%
Avg. Life Expectancy:
• 77.4 yrs - Male
• 83.27 yrs - Female
Phone Lines:
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10.815 million (2003)
Televisions:
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10.15 million (1997)
Radios:
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25,500,000 (1997)
Internet Code:
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.au
Did you know ... People from Australia are called Australians
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