Drugs in the United States: Vermont

State Facts Population: 608,827 Law Enforcement Officers: 1,213 State Prison Population: 1,387 Probation Population: 10,541 Violent Crime Rate National Ranking: 47

2001 Federal Drug Seizures Cocaine: 3.7 kgs. Heroin: 0 kgs. Methamphetamine: 0 kgs. Marijuana: 249.9 kgs. Clandestine Laboratories: 0 (DEA, state, and local)

Marijuana, domestic and imported, is the most widely abused drug in the State of Vermont. High-purity level heroin is available throughout the state. Cocaine is a significant problem throughout the state, particularly in the urban areas. Law enforcement officials report minimal availability of methamphetamine. Vermont’s two interstate highways, I-89 and I-91, terminate at the U.S./Canada border, providing drug traffickers easy access to metropolitan areas in Canada and the United States.

Cocaine: Cocaine is readily available throughout Vermont and is widely abused by illicit drug users. The drug is available in all quantities from fractional ounces to kilogram quantities. Cocaine traffickers in Vermont, most often Caucasians, obtain the drug from source areas in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. The cocaine is brought into the state mostly through the use of passenger vehicles; often it is then distributed in bars. Crack cocaine is not widely available in the state, although there is limited availability in the areas of Burlington, Rutland, and Barre. Crack is most often distributed by African-American violators who obtain the drug in New York and Massachusetts.

Heroin: There is widespread availability of heroin in the state in street/user level quantities. The purity level in the state is quite high, ranging from 55 to 60 percent. A typical heroin distributor in Vermont is a heroin user who distributes the drug in order to support his/her heroin addiction. Heroin is obtained by individuals who travel to source areas in Massachusetts and New York. The most common method of transport of heroin between Vermont and source areas is the use of automobiles.

Methamphetamine: There is not a significant methamphetamine problem in Vermont. No clandestine laboratories have been seized in Vermont for the past several years. The last clandestine laboratory was a methamphetamine laboratory which was seized in 1990.

Club Drugs: MDMA (Ecstasy) appears to be widely available in Vermont, particularly the Burlington area. Until June 2001, MDMA possession was not a crime under Vermont state statutes. Several thousand-tablet seizures of MDMA have been made at ports of entry in Vermont. The seized MDMA, often from Toronto or Montreal was destined to other states in New England. There have not been any reports of widespread availability of other club drugs such as GHB or ketamine.

Marijuana: Marijuana is readily available in all areas of Vermont, and it is the drug of choice for illicit drug users. Marijuana is brought into Vermont from the Southwestern U.S. through the use of automobiles, campers and tractor-trailers. Another significant source area for marijuana in the state is Canada. Canadian-based drug trafficking organizations smuggle high quality hydroponically grown marijuana from Canada across the U.S./Canada border for distribution in Vermont and in transit to Massachusetts, New York, and other states. The marijuana often is carried in backpacks across remote areas between the ports of entry; tractor-trailers containing marijuana loads also transport the drug across the U.S./Canada border. In addition to marijuana transported to Vermont, marijuana continues to be grown within the state. In the past, local growers maintained large-scale outdoor cultivation operations. However, the current trend of local marijuana cultivation has changed to small outdoor plots which can be difficult to detect. Also, indoor grows, to include hydroponic systems, are maintained on a small scale.

Other Drugs: Vicodin, Fentanyl, oxycodone, Hydrocodone, methadone, Ritalin, Xanax and Diazepam are the most commonly diverted pharmaceutical drugs in Vermont. Impaired praticioners are a concern in the state.

DEA Mobile Enforcement Teams: This cooperative program with state and local law enforcement counterparts was conceived in 1995 in response to the overwhelming problem of drug-related violent crime in towns and cities across the nation. There have been 348 deployments completed resulting in 14,794 arrests of violent drug criminals as of June 2002.

Special Topics: Treatment Centers: The Vermont Office of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Programs (ADAP) contracts with 18 nonprofit agencies which provide alcohol and drug treatment services. According to ADAP, the use of hallucinogens (including marijuana) accounted for 16 percent of treatment admissions, opiates (including heroin) seven percent of treatment admissions and stimulants (including cocaine) for four percent of treatment admissions in Vermont fiscal year 2000 (July 1, 1999 - June 30, 2000). Twelve persons reportedly were treated for methamphetamine abuse during Vermont fiscal year 2000.

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